is classed as a metalloid. It was discovered in 1808 by Joseph L. Gay-Lussac and L. J. Thénard and independently by Sir Humphry Davy.

Boron is used to dope silicon and germanium semiconductors, modifying their electrical properties.Boron oxide (B2O3) is used in glassmaking and ceramics.Borax (Na2B4O7.10H2O) is used in making fiberglass, as a cleansing fluid, a water softener, insecticide, herbicide and disinfectant.Boric acid (H3BO3) is used as a mild antiseptic and as a flame retardant.Boron Nitride’s hardness is second only to diamond, but it has better thermal and chemical stability, hence boron nitride ceramics are used in high-temperature equipment.Boron nitride nanotubes can have a similar structure to carbon nanotubes. BN nanotubes are more thermally and chemically stable than carbon nanotubes and, unlike carbon nanotubes, boron nitride nanotubes are electrical insulators.Boron carbide (B4C) is used in tank armor and bullet proof vests.Boron is used for building strong bones, treating osteoarthritis, as an aid for building muscles and increasing testosterone levels, and for improving thinking skills and muscle coordination.